The Philippine National Hero

There are nine (9) recorded women in Rizal's life, however some historians suggest that there have been more.  Below are brief accounts of Jose Rizal's romances: SEGUNDA KATIGBAK: RIZAL'S FIRST LOVESegunda KatigbakJose Rizal was only a young boy of sixteen (16) when he first fell in love, and it was with Segunda Katigbak, a girl from Lipa, Batangas...

Rizal's prime encounter with Freemasonry occurred when he was in Spain, where he made the acquaintance of some liberal and republican Spaniards who were mostly Masons.  He admired the way these Masons scrutinized and criticized the methods of the government and criticized the haughty friars, a freedom which could not be practiced in the Philippines.  Eventually, in 1883,...

Shown below are the genealogies of the Rizal children (pictures taken at Fort Santiago, Intramuros):Saturnina Rizal's Genealogy Saturnina "Neneng" was the oldest of the Rizal children.  Her husband, Manuel T. Hidalgo, hailed from Tanawan, Batangas.Paciano Rizal's GenealogyPaciano was Jose Rizal's confidant.  Though he died a bachelor, Paciano had two children by Severina Decena, his mistress.  Narcisa Rizal's GenealogyNarcisa "Sisa"...

Rizal lived in exile in far-away Dapitan, a remote town in Mindanao which was under the missionary jurisdiction of the Jesuits, from 1892 to 1896. This four-year interregnum in his life was tediously unexciting, but was abundantly fruitful with varied achievements (Zaide, 2008)."...wherever I go I would always be in the hands of God who has in His...

Freemasonry, Eastern Star, and other similar "secret" organizations appear to be harmless fellowship gatherings. Many of them appear to promote belief in God. However, upon closer examination, we find that the only belief requirement is not that one must believe in the True and Living God, but rather, that one must believe in the existence of a “Supreme...